My trauma trained therapist just asked me the other day "by panic, what do you mean?" I know her, I trust her, and I knew she was probably getting at something useful, I know she is very qualified, but it was still an annoying question. (In the moment, I asked what she meant, and she wanted me to explain what the panic was like for me to experience - was I shakey, etc.)
I can see how it would be really hard to trust a doc-in-training who asked that if you didn't really know them very long.
That being said, people with PTSD who are triggered respond to being triggered in really different ways. While you may not be an expert on space travel, you are uniquely and expert on you and your experience of PTSD. You have a lot of power in the relationship to give the therapy the best chance you have got, or to not give it any chance of success at all. If you don't talk to them and share with them in a substantial way about what is going on for you, then you will get the results you will get.
Residents don't actually get paid much at all and most doctors don't really go into medicine for the money anymore. Psychiatrists don't usually get a ton of training in therapeutic techniques - but the good hung about a resident is that they are closest to their training and have some of the most up to date info. They also have a more experience doc always looking over what they are doing.
If you and the resident are not clicking and or the resident doesn't know her stuff well enough to help, advocate for what you need. As for the supervising doc. Talk to them about your concerns. I used to be seen at a teaching hospital for a brief period of time and they always had residents and the supervising docs were great with my expressing any concerns and used it as a moment to not just teach the resident to do what they do better, but would invest more effort, care, and skill into helping me than any doc established in private practice ever has done for me. I hope you don't give up but tell that supervising doc this resident is phoning it in. Use your true expert voice about what you know you need.