He once yelled at me about money and then a few mins later I realized something. I walked into his study and asked him who is bothering him about money, is his family asking him for money? Turns out they were that they "always are".
This cries projection to me. Maybe it's not in the clinical sense, but the theme is still taking out on you his own problems. Does realizing that these arguments are not about "you" help shield you from taking it in (ie personally)?
Very important suggestion. No rush, but a good idea.Take your allowance, put it in your account, use your credit card, pay the bill. Unless you are doing this regularly you will not have a credit history.
Now you are feeling better maybe is there something you can do to help. For example bargain hunting for the basics. Then you could save the difference and use this for your hobbies, or give it back to him with a card explaining what you have done and that you appreciate is income. I'm just thinking if his family has high expectations of his income, maybe he needs compliments about it to off set their negativity? Men can be brought up to be very sensitive about how much they earn and thus need lots of praise to offset this.
During this thread you have been so open and have taken in so much information and used it constructively. I'm impressed.