Strangely, living with a PTSD sufferer hasn't challenged my faith at all. But I have kind of medieval views about God etc. Specifically I think God doesn't give a hoot (if God is rightly described as the sort of thing that "gives a hoot", which I kind of doubt) about pain. Or pleasure. And doesn't worry much about death either. What most of the traditions I am familiar with teach is that pain is a given if you are above ground. What is not necessary is suffering. The difference is that suffering is the thing we impose on ourselves when we resist the pain that is present in our lives. When we stuff our grief and hurt and anger and refuse to experience what we are experiencing - that creates suffering, a different kind of discomfort. Pain is regrettable and it is good to do what we can to alleviate unproductive pain, but it is not a reward or a punishment... it just is. There are, as everyone on this site knows all to well, WORLDS of pain on this small planet. And there is a great deal that would be well done to prevent and alleviate it. But God... what does God have to do with Pain?
Here is the thing - if you think of God as being some kind of big judge, handing out rewards or punishments, in the form of pleasure and pain, and if you are realistic about the amount of pain and suffering in the world you will end by either hating God, or becoming numb to your own and other's pain. But if God isn't THAT, then what is God? I find it easier to say what God isn't. I have a kind of ... conception... of what God might be. It helps to start by trying to think of God as a Verb or maybe an Adjective.
I think God is a lot of agendas that make up the universe. With respect to human beings, the pattern I see that seems "intentional" is that the individuals I know keep getting challenged in the same way over and over again with increasing stakes. For example: My best friend is simply awful at standing up for herself. Really, given her overall level of competence and intelligence as an adult human being it is just infuriating how often she decides to be a doormat. So she finally decides to leave her (not horrible, but totally impossible) husband. But they have four kids and so she is still "stuck" with him. And how do I feel about that? How should I feel about that? On the one hand, he takes advantage of her still. On the other hand, she is really pissed and having to continually deal with him is giving her both the opportunity and incentive to stand up for herself - and goodness knows she needs the practice. So it is kind of like the Universe (I find that language works better for me that God which keeps trying to be a noun and have a face) keeps pulling strings and setting her up to work on this... But how complicated would the thing have to be to coordinate something like that not just for her but for everybody - all at once? My brain goes "tilt" at this point and I guess *that* is what I'd call God. And this is just one level of agenda "God" keeps going. Most of them I likely couldn't even understand.
This view could easily be written off as a kind of rationalization - and maybe it is. But it is helpful to me in that it keeps me focused on what I ought to be practicing and learning in difficult situations. It goes some way to short circuiting a kind of poisonous existential resentment of the "what did I do to deserve..."? Answer: probably nothing, but it happened, so now you can curl up and die or deal. I am also more than a little bit of a fatalist - of the "if you are fated to die in a flood, you will survive a lot of battles." sort. But this view helps me maintain the attitude that however painful or irritating my circumstances are, they are always interesting and a challenge. Failures, as well as successes are inevitable. No big deal. In Christian terms I guess I think God leaves lots of crosses around for us to pick up, and it is often helpful to others when we carry them, but there is no shame or blame when we lay them down for a while out of exhaustion. But at the end of the day it is not a one size fits all world, and it is hard hard hard to have any kind of clear idea about what others can/should/might be able to do....