...It's not right in any case.
...unfortunately? None of this is easy, nor can it be fixed elegantly.
I want to bring up another example: Redlining.
...One of the primary ways Americans grow their wealth is home ownership. Another way Americans would grow prosperous would be to start a small business.
Non-white people have been historically shut out of those methods of wealth building to a large degree. Not totally, but to a large degree, FHA loans were not extended to homes in black neighborhoods.
Banks also chose to exclude black businesses from business loans.
While the practice of excluding people from home loans or business loans on the basis of race is now illegal, there is evidence that nonwhites are still less likely to get loans, or may be charged higher interest rates.
So...black people, due to being considerably less likely to be unable to become homeowners or entrepreneurs historically and still?
They are more likely to live in less-endowed school districts where their children will collectively receive a less-enriched education.
Their children will be less ready for college, on the average...thus helping to reinforce generational disadvantage.
Can brilliant children still overcome horrendous circumstances?Of course. Why do we collectively raise our children like that? They are our children too.