Actually, that's not correct. I believe, as of now, the kinds of changes/adaptation to the brain that occurs as a result of PTSD can only be seen in an fMRI (functional MRI), not the same as a straight MRI. They need to see you use the affected area of the brain, basically.
A MRI will show the anatomy of the brain and allow you to see things like tissue damage that may or may not correspond to a neurological function. An fMRI will show the activation of the areas of the brain based on metabolic rate.
In order to determine what a PTSD brain looks like, they currently need to compare information from both MRI and fMRI. For example, it is pretty well accepted (it seems) that hippocampal volume - the size of the hippocampus region of the brain - is decreased in people with PTSD - but also in people with depression, bipolar, schizophrenia, addiction disorders - and that's only talking about the mental health correlations.
The amygdala, on the other hand, shows significant information on an fMRI in terms of thew actual stress/fear response. You can't see that on an MRI.
The current research is trying to understand, in some kind of consistent or diagnosable way, what
exactly happens to the brain when it has been affected by trauma - what's that full picture look like? What does it look like at 24 hours later, a week, a month, a year, a decade?
It will never be a straightforward diagnostic test, I don't think. It's more likely to always have component parts, unless they invent one machine that can evaluate anatomy, electrical activity, and metabolic activity all in one go.
But, they are plugging away at it.
This is a pretty comprehensive reader-friendly article:
http://brainblogger.com/2015/01/24/how-does-post-traumatic-stress-disorder-change-the-brain/