I've a little one the same age, and my husband has cPTSD.
The amazing attitude that has developed in her this year in incredible: frustrating, and wonderful. She's trying on different ways to be. Sometimes I worry about particular difficult aspects that come from my partner's PTSD behaviours, or from our relationship: but even if that is so, what can I do to change that? His PTSD isn't going anywhere.
Two particular tricks that have worked really well (most of the time) are instead of telling her what
not to do, to tell her what she
should do, or
how to do it, or what she
can do instead. Redirecting her energy and attention, rather than blocking it. If I try to block it, it'll just pop up somewhere else!
I do find it hard sometimes when it feels like I am having to protect her and my husband from each other: there are times they seem to trigger each other at the same time! If I can see my husband is getting upset with my kiddo being... well, a kid, I'll very calmly ask him to please let me handle this one.
I find the biggest challenge is around obedience/feelings: who knows if it comes from PTSD or not, but my husband really struggles when my daughter doesn't listen, is 'disobedient', or has a meltdown/tantrum. I suspect a lot of that comes from, when he was her age, not listening, being disobedient, or having any type of emotional expression evoked a life-threatening response from his so-called carers. So there's the feeling he has that what she is doing is dangerous (because it was for him), and that she should be able to control those behaviours (because he was able to). He's starting to understand that his expectations of a young child are not always reasonable, and that her risk taking is essential for her to learn her own physical abilities and boundaries.
I'm also not at all convinced being stricter is the answer. For sure that can work (sometimes at least) in the immediate moment, but I get the sense it's not the immediate moment you are worried about, as you say he behaves well for you. I think maybe it's about finding a way for him to be able to manage his own behavior. Fear is one powerful motivator (fear of disapproval, punishments, losing something), but more effective for me has been working with my little to get her to want to behave well for her own reasons, so that even if I'm not around, even if she wouldn't "get caught", she'd still do well. It's much more work in the moment (and sooo many moments!), but pays off much bigger in the long run. So I often explain to her (in simple, short sentences) why we have a particular rule, or must/can't do something. Takes time. Doesn't work all the time, but I'm not in this parenthood gig for the short term, but to help her grow into a decent and healthy adult.
I also pay a lot of attention to making sure she has space to have her emotions, and express them rather than bottle them up or hide them. Doesn't mean she'll get her way, but she has permission to be upset about not getting her way (or be terribly upset that her favourite shoes no longer fit!!) I mean, when I don't get my way, with 40 years experience in life, I certainly don't always behave with grace. How on earth can I expect my 4 year old to not show her upset!
Also with regard to the daycare teacher... hmm. When I was a kid, my kindergarten teacher (so when I was 4-5 years old) was absolutely convinced I was deeply psychologically damaged, for the following reasons:
- I liked jumping out of boxes
- I liked drawing pictures of spiders
- I liked black paintings
Actually, it was just me playing jack in the box, spiders are super fun to draw with all those legs, and my paintings were layers of lots of colours that made black, but when I scratched with a fingernail showed rainbow colours. She was experienced with lots of kids, but even experienced people can get it wrong, or impose their world views on parenting.
With the playing styles, there's a brilliant book I have called "The Playground is like a Jungle", which explores the different ways people can play together, good and bad, which could be a great conversation starter with your son.
Best of luck - this parenting gig is hard work at the best of times!