Sometimes I think I’m not sure what trauma means anymore because I see it applied rather broadly.
Has the meaning changed over time? Does it have so many meanings?
Yes. It has a whooooooole helluva lotta meanings.
Medically… trauma is ANY damage resulting from an object/outside source (including yourself, it’s most differentiating from damage done by infection/disease). From scraping yourself with your own fingernails, or rug burns from playing with the kids… superficial trauma… to being ripped open from pelvis to neck with a prong of a forklift sticking through you (still talking to first responders!), or splattered across a sidewalk dead after being hit by a car or falling 20 stories.
PHYSICALLY trauma is a spectrum ranging from the superficial to the unavoidably lethal.
There are a whooooooooole lotta descriptors to let pros know what KIND of trauma… and what levels/locales/urgency is involved. Blunt force trauma, which is a descriptor in and of itself, has 4 types (contusion, abrasion, lasceration, fracture). Penetrating trauma, meanwhile, just lets you know something is sticking INTO the body (as opposed to compound, which is a bone sticking out; eviscertation, which are guts sticking out) and is further narrowed by locales (penetrating spinal trauma, penetrating abdominal, etc.). And there are a few dozen other types & subtypes, all with narrowing focus / precision.
“Trauma” starts the umbrella, tells you there is damage; and then defines down to precise -and universally agreed upon- descriptions of exactly what kind of damage, where, & how serious it is. Penetrating spinal trauma? Is not an abrasion on your knee.
Psychological trauma… is waaaaaaay more loosely defined, and infinitely more subjective, than medical trauma.
It IS still defined. HOWEVER, every single disorder with trauma or stressors components defines it differently, in direct relation TO that disorder. PTSD Trauma (or Criterion A Trauma)? Is ONLY keyed to PTSD. Life threatening, or sexual assault. That’s the PTSD keylock. Other types & definitions of trauma are key to other disorders & conditions.
Colloquially Trauma is whatever people from that region have decided to use the word as, in everyday speech. American English broke from Kings English (when it was the Queens English) back during Shakespearean similes & metaphors ruling the day. Aussies, meanwhile, have a reputation for common sense & straight speaking, in part because they broke with the kings English during the Age of Reason / Industrial Revolution: say what you mean, and mean what you say. American English is overwhelmingly simile/metaphor/hyperbole, telling stories, evoking feelings, playing with words/language to make bad mean good, wicked brilliant, etc.… rather than direct, or on point. ALL languages & dialects have local slang & colloquialisms. French Canadians use religious objects to swear with (Tabernac!), meanwhile Southern Acadians (Cajun/Creole, stick with bodily excretions, sexual acts, and levels of stupidity). Just on a linguistics front, very very veeeeery few English dialects are more obtuse than the US (cockney rhyming slang, being an example, of worse than American mucking about).
So, cha
Medically = Hard Science = Precise definitions.
Psych = Soft Science = Varying & variable definitions.
Colloquially = whatever the f*ck people feel like