For what it is worth, I think you are asking absolutely excellent questions
@Muzikluvr! I think this is a great discussion.
I also will be upfront about where I come from. When I first saw the quote on the chat room and here, I was like oh, here we go again, beating up religion and lumping a huge group of people into one bad lump... However, I was wrong. (it happens quite often! ;) ) I am impressed by the discussion here.
I don't consider myself to be religious. I don't think religion is all bad, nor is it all good.
I do believe there is a God and I even believe in Jesus. I'm conflicted, very deeply, about what some call Christianity and I'm very conflicted about the church.
The Bible itself is filled with people questioning God, even wrestling with God, and lots of doubts, over and over again. From Genesis where Jacob wrestled with God to Psalms where David cried out questions accusing in tone to God, to Thomas and even Jesus in the New Testament, the Bible does not shy away from including many people who deeply questioned God and were considered people of great faith by the very same people who wrote the Bible. Whatever you want to believe about the bible being true or not, it is the only major founding religious text that includes such questioning and crying out to God, and holds it up as a GOOD thing. It doesn't answer all of them (I find this deeply frustrating) but it includes them all the same.
But religious folks? You are right, many of them do not welcome questioning. Some people get into religion because they are insecure and scared. They want a path that clears up all the uncertainties of life. Some people get into religion because they want power, control, and they abuse it horribly. So so horribly. It is very devastating.
My own parents were atheist/agnostic, but my extended family is Buddhist, Jewish, Mormon, Hindu, Catholic. No joke. A lot of the more religious people in my family would also tell me they didn't believe there was a God, but that it's what they did because of tradition or "the right thing to do." I now live in an extremely religiously diverse community, and I hear the same things at times. It drives me nuts! Why do all of that without even believing in a real God? Seems like a look of garbage just to be accepted - but I think that is just how strong of a pull a sense of acceptance and belonging can be.
I had friends who joined a bona fide dangerous cult when I was in college. (I do not by any means use the world "cult" lightly.) I was recruited, but quickly rejected by them because I tend to just blurt things out, like, "um, I think this is screwed up..." I was dumbfounded to watch my friends be pulled in. They were scientists and some of the brightest people I know, but that drive and unresolved hurt they had made the acceptance that the cult offered seem so attractive that they overlooked the really dangerous crap that was going on.
And my own showing up and questioning of what this religious cult was doing was received very badly. Watching my friends be pulled into something so harmful has shaped me to this day.
I am very convinced religion isn't God. They are two different things.
I think my own beliefs most line up with what most would call Christianity, but I will completely agree that some churches are not very good at being like what's described in the Bible. They get so caught up on being right that they forget to love people... It's something I have publicly railed against and gotten really horrible treatment back for. I would die for my faith. I was in a country once where that was a possibility. I wouldn't die for the screwed up church though. I'm not saying that is good or bad or right or wrong. It's simply where I am at.
The harshest words Jesus had were for the religious elites of his day. He broke cultural norms to be with the people who were most looked down upon and the furthest from ever being accepted into religious circles. The religious folks who thought they had all the answers? He called them whitewashed tombs. They responded viciously to him, a man, from a city and class that was looked down on, who was questioning their religious authority and beliefs. The pattern exists to this day.
Pascal's wager is irrational, if you are Christian, according to the bible there are many choices you should be making in your life, not just believing Jesus is God incarnated as a human. Many Christian churches teach that simply by believing that Jesus Christ died for your sins, you will be forgiven and welcomed into Heaven. But, that's not what the bible says about it...
IMO, Pascal's wager is the highest abomination to our society! Not only isn't it what religion intended, nor is it really a belief in God; but it is also an excuse not to progress in one's thinking about society and propel us to a more reasoned one.
I don't have all the answers to my own questions or the questions you are asking. Your questions made me think of Pascal's Wager and I was curious as to your thoughts. I will say this: Pascal was a scientist who was very into probabilities. Pascal's Wager was about what happens when we die. I'm not entirely sure what you mean by what religion intended in regards to Pascals Wager...?
Do you know what Pascal himself said about religion? “Men never do evil so completely and cheerfully as when they do it from religious conviction." - Pascal
Does that mean he threw out God and Jesus along with some of the screwed up things done in the name of religion? No. He wasn't an unthinking stupid guy either. I'm not saying I agree or disagree with him, but some of the other things he wrote included:
“People almost invariably arrive at their beliefs not on the basis of proof but on the basis of what they find attractive.”
"Mankind suffers from two excesses: to exclude reason, and to live by nothing but reason."
"There is enough light for those who only desire to see, and enough obscurity for those who have a contrary disposition."
Pascal's wrote in defense of the scientific method - something that is quite important to me and to science and reason of our day. His wager comes from mathematics. It simply proposes the idea that if there is no God, and we spend a life believing there is a God, then we lost some in life. If there is a God, but we spent life not believing in God, only to show up to eternity, then we have much more to lose. Pascal's Wager was a mathematical idea that is was better to believe in God based on the possible gains.
Possible gains in eternity - I don't think it's enough for me personally to believe in God. But I think it's a compelling perspective as to why many do believe in God.
In the middle of my own trauma, I once had a near death experience. Well technically, I died. I experienced something very profound and very real and not really explainable by anything I have yet to read. Some write these off as biochemical experiences. That doesn't fully explain it. Call me crazy, but I do believe there is life after death, and love beyond all words and human capacity to live out. I have experienced it - and I am very broken human being who does a pretty bad job myself at dealing with life or loving people.
*edited to fix a typo: to delete "Wager" where I meant just "Pascal."