Even after reading all the great posts, this one is hard for me. I think for me maybe more understanding than empathy. I remember one time in a very heated discussion with my wife I said " I wish I just lost a leg or something else physical that you or someone else could see". I also have a few other invisible medical issues to boot. It changed the whole nature of the discussion. I didn't want sympathy, or empathy or pity, I wanted an understanding. Like if I say I can't do something we planned, it's not because I'm "lazy, not interested, didn't want to , so on and so on". It's because I'm in a place that I can't/shouldn't do something due to my PTSD/other conditions. i definitely didn't want empathy at the time. Possibly because I don't want my wife (or others) empathy because I don't want them to feel how I do. I was in a very dark deep place at the time and I would not wish that on anyone. I empathise with anyone who has been there because I know how bad I felt. Although I don't use them too much I do have a couple of PTSD mentors I reach out to occasionally, because I know they have been there, and I know they will provide advice from their own point of view and what worked for them. I changed my view in that I am not on a path to recovery, but a path to self awareness, So I can identify my feelings/reactions etc. sooner and out tools to use to make it out safely.