Then you get treated for PostPartumDepression... Because, yes, that does happen. And in nearly every case the culprit is PPD. It's a very "easy" fix, caught early, because its a hormone triggered depression / aka very nearly all chemical brought on by the massive hormone shift that happens from being pregnant to not pregnant. While PPD almost always self resolves in 1-2 years (aka how long it takes the hormones to settle), there's absolutely no reason on gods green earth to put yourself through 2 years of hell -or the risk of post partum psychosis- waiting on your hormones to come back to level when there are meds that fix that.
Nursing for colostrum immediately after birth helps reduce the risk of PPD, as nursing floods the body with oxytocin (one of the main chemicals in human bonding). That's why even women who cannot breast feed for a variety if reasons will still go through the motions, whether they run a feeding tube over their breast or not as will maintaining eye contact as often and as long as possible, regardless of activity, although within about an 18" range / aka babe in arms distance (also floods both your and their bodies with oxytocin. When done with an adult, it's call "soul gazing" and can create real feelings of affection and bonding in as little as 20 seconds... So you can imagine what staring at your baby once an hour, every hour, 24hours a day does! :P)
So all the yes it happens, and if it does here's what you do, worst case scenario out of the way?
Almost every first time mom fears this. It almost never happens.
((But if it does? You have very real steps to take to fix it!))