The 10 primary cognitive distortions are:
- All or nothing thinking -- You see things in black and white categories. If your performance falls short of perfect, you see yourself as a total failure.
- Over-generalization -- You see a single negative event as a never-ending pattern of defeat.
- Mental filter -- You pick out a single negative detail and dwell on it so exclusively that your vision of all reality becomes darkened, like the drop of ink that colors the entire beaker of water.
- Disqualifying the positive -- You reject positive experiences by insisting they "don't count" for some reason or other. In this way you can maintain a negative belief that is contradicted by your everyday experiences.
- Jumping to conclusions -- You make a negative interpretation even though there are no definite facts that convincingly support your conclusion. (Involves mind-reading and fortune-telling.)
- Magnification and minimization -- You exaggerate the importance of things, or you inappropriately shrink things until they appear tiny.
- Emotional reasoning -- You assume that your emotions necessarily reflect the way things really are, as in "I feel it, therefore it must be true."
- Should statements -- You try to motivate yourself with "should" and "should not," as if you have to be whipped and punished before you could be expected to do anything.
- Labeling and mislabeling -- This is an extreme form of overgeneralization. Instead of describing your error, you attach a negative label to yourself.
- Personalization -- You see yourself as the cause of some negative external event which, in fact, you were not primarily responsible for.
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I have been doing a bit of all or nothing thinking. But a lot less in general, and this week I just focussed on what I could do and then did it and then moved on to the next thing.
I have done less of over generalisation.
I can go the path of mental filter quite easily but I am doing much better with that.
I am still doing quite a bit of disqualifying the positive - but I am so much better than I was at not doing this.
I have done a little bit of jumping to conclusions this week - but I didn't indulge in it as much this week. I stopped a lot and just was with what was going on. So that was a big improvement. I don't think I have done it less as I did this week, probably ever, in my life.
I have a small amount of magnification and minimisation but really I was much more present this week.
I didn't should myself this week. I was actually reasonable with myself and I gave myself a break. I gave myself some time off and I didn't savage myself with my inner talk.
I didn't do too much emotional reasoning - in fact I disputed this well. I didn't have ridiculous expectations of myself.
I didn't do 9 and 10.
There was a time when even reading though this list was out of my league - well that is what it felt like, and then there was a time when I could read it but couldn't think of how to dispute or challenge the thinking or the distorted cognitions. There was a long time where I just noticed how distorted my thoughts were, and now I am doing so much better. I can now dispute my thoughts. I can now challenge and break apart my thoughts.
The Mindfulness, the Self Compassion and beginning DBT really helped.
My friends here, my sister and B really helped.
My psychiatrist really helped.
Exercise and eating better really helped. I did do a bit of comfort eating this week, but nothing too serious really.